Qoran Shenakht

The concept of "umma wasaṭ" (middle community) is among those concepts in verse 143 of Sūrat al-Baqarah that has led exegetes and researchers in the field of Quranic sciences and Hadith to express various opinions regarding its meaning. However, these opinions appear insufficient with respect to the content and purport of the verse, and further deliberation remains necessary. Accordingly, the present study, employing a descriptive-analytical method, examines the contextual framework and focuses on keywords such as "jaʿl" (to make/appoint), as well as employing Quran-by-Quran exegesis, to investigate the intended meaning of "umma wasaṭ" in the verse, adopting a critical approach to existing exegeses and translations. This analysis demonstrates that the contextual atmosphere of the verse, in thematic connection with the preceding verse, aims to elucidate and emphasize the ṣirāṭ mustaqīm (straight path) and its qualities. Hence, the designation of the community as "middle" signifies guidance toward the straight path, with the objective of preventing deviation among Muslims. The straight path is consequently understood as a way that entails characteristics such as permanence, obligation, stability, and impermissibility of deviation. The Muslim who adheres to this path, in accordance with the continuation of the verse and as confirmed by religious texts, will serve on the Day of Resurrection as a witness, testimony, and criterion for humanity.