Qoran Shenakht

Participation in jihad is one of the obligatory duties of Islam. The Holy Qur’an introduces some Muslims who do not participate in war for various reasons as the group of “qā'idīn.” Some of the qā'idīn are excused and some are unexcused. The aim of this article is to identify the classifications that the Holy Qur’an sets forth for the group of qā'idīn. The article is written using a descriptive-analytical method. To this end, by examining the verses of the Holy Qur’an, the set of groups that do not participate in war was extracted, and these groups were classified using Shi'i and Sunni exegeses. The findings show that, according to the Holy Qur’an, the qā'idīn are divided into two groups: excused and unexcused. If the war is a communal obligation, the unexcused group is not blamed by the Qur’an; however, in jihad as an individual obligation, the unexcused qā'idīn are blamed and will be punished. In addition to not participating in war, this group is divided into various categories, and they are not all at the same level of opposition to the divine command. The conclusion is that at the time of the obligation of jihad, the behavior of the qā'idīn must be carefully examined and they must be accurately identified, and the ranks of the hypocrites must be separated from those of excused believers, so that the community of believers may remain safe from the harms that this group poses.